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Atrazine
General Information
- Fact Sheet: Atrazine.pdf
- Product Names:
- Chemical Class: Triazine herbicide
- Uses: To control broadleaf and grassy weeds in corn, sorghum, and sugarcane, wheat, guava, macadamia nuts, and range grasses and for several nonagricultural use sites such as ornamentals, Christmas trees, sod and residential lawns and golf courses (in the Southeast)
- Alternatives: Organic agriculture, Organic Lawn care
- Beyond Pesticides rating:
Health and Environmental Effects
- Cancer: Yes ()
- Endocrine Disruption: Known ()
- Reproductive Effects: Yes ()
- Neurotoxicity: Yes ()
- Kidney/Liver Damage: Yes ()
- Sensitizer/ Irritant: Yes ()
- Birth/Developmental: Yes ()
- Detected in Groundwater: Yes ()
- Potential Leacher: Yes ()
- Toxic to Birds: Not documented
- Toxic to Fish/Aquatic Organisms: Yes ()
- Toxic to Bees: Not documented
Residential Uses as Found in the ManageSafe™ Database
Additional Information
- Regulatory Status:
- Supporting information:
- Studies:
- Trends in pesticide concentrations and use for major rivers of the United States. Ryberg, K.R and Gilliom, R.J. 2015. Science of the Total Environment 538: 431–444.
- Demasculinization and feminization of male gonads by atrazine: Consistent effects across vertebrate classes. Hayes, T., et al. 2011. J. Steroid Biochem and Molecular Bio. 127(1-2):64-73.
- Still Poisoning the Well: Atrazine Continues to Contaminate Surface Water and Drinking Water in the United States. Wu. M, Quirindongo, M, et al. 2010. Natural Resources Defense Council. Washington DC
- Pesticide Mixtures, Endocrine Disruption, and Amphibian Declines: Are We Underestimating the Impact? Hayes et. al 2006. Environmental Health Perspectives.
- Debating How Much Weed Killer Is Safe in Your Water Glass. The New York Times, 2009.
- Agrichemicals in surface water and birth defects in the United States. Winchester, et al. April 2009.
- A longitudinal study of atrazine and 2,4-D exposure and oxidative stress markers among iowa corn farmers.. Lerro CC, Beane Freeman LE, Portengen L, Kang D, et al. 2017. Environ Mol Mutagen. 58(1):30-38.
- Agricultural risk factors for t(14;18) subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.. Schroeder, J., et al. 2001. Epidemiology 12(6):701-709
- Association between Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors in Drinking Water and Preterm Birth, Taking Neighborhood Deprivation into Account: A Historic Cohort Study.. Albouy-Llaty M, Limousi F, Carles C, Dupuis A, et al. 2016. Int J Environ Res Public Health.13(8).
- Associations between stomach cancer incidence and drinking water contamination with atrazine and nitrate in Ontario (Canada) agroecosystems, 1987-1991. Van Leeuwen, J.A., et al. 1999. International Journal of Epidemiology 28:836-840.
- US EPA's regulatory pesticide evaluations need clearer guidelines for considering mammary gland tumors and other mammary gland effects. Cardona, B. and Rudel, R.A., 2020. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, p.110927.
- Atrazine in public water supplies and risk of ovarian cancer among postmenopausal women in the Iowa Women's Health Study.. Inoue-Choi M, Weyer PJ, Jones RR, Booth BJ, et al. 2016. Occup Environ Med. 73(9):582-7
- Atrazine promotes RM1 prostate cancer cell proliferation by activating STAT3 signaling.. Hu K, Tian Y, Du Y, Huang L, Chen J, et al. 2016. Int J Oncol. 48(5):2166-74
- Cancer incidence among triazine herbicide manufacturing workers. MacLennan, P.A., et al. 2002. J Occup Environ Med 44(11):1048-1058.
- Characterization of endocrine-disrupting chemicals based on hormonal balance disruption in male and female adult rats.. Quignot N, Arnaud M, Robidel F, Lecomte A, et al. 2012. Reprod Toxicol. 33(3):339-52.
- Chemical predictors of wheeze among farmer pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study.. Hoppin, JA, DM Umbach, SJ London, et al. 2002. M J Respir Crit Care Med 165: 683-689
- Combined effects of repeated administration of Bretmont Wipeout (glyphosate) and Ultrazin (atrazine) on testosterone, oxidative stress and sperm quality of Wistar rats.. Abarikwu SO, Akiri OF, et al. 2015. Toxicol Mech Methods.25(1):70-80.
- Effects of prenatal exposure to a low dose atrazine metabolite mixture on pubertal timing and prostate development of male Long-Evans rats. Stanko JP, et al. 2010. Reprod Toxicol. Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.07.006
- Pre-differentiation exposure to low-dose of atrazine results in persistent phenotypic changes in human neuronal cell lines. Xie, J., Lin, L., Sánchez, O.F., Bryan, C., Freeman, J.L. and Yuan, C., 2021. Environmental Pollution, 271, p.116379.
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