Gateway on Pesticide Hazards and Safe Pest Management

Beyond Pesticides offers resources below to evaluate the health and ecological effects of specific chemical exposure from ACTIVE INGREDIENTS in pesticide products, as well as regulatory information and supporting scientific documents. Because various pesticide products can contain more than one active ingredient, it is important to READ the LABEL to determine chemical components.

With 192 different active ingredients and counting, it is essential to establish the connection between the use of these chemicals and their respective hazards.

View the step-by-step guide on how to search for the active ingredient(s) in pesticide products below:

1. Go to U.S. EPA's Pesticide Product and Label System and enter the product name. The generic product name may vary.
   
2. After searching, click on the chemical ingredients tab or the link for the most recent label to find Active Ingredients.
                Chemical List                                            Label List 
   
   If one selects the chemical ingredients tab, skip to Step 4 . If not, proceed to step number 3
   
   
3. To find the active ingredient(s) on the label, search for the page in the document containing the date of registration. Usually, the active ingredients section occurs within the first few pages of the label document.
   
   
4. Return to the Beyond Pesticides Gateway and search for the active ingredient name in the yellow box to the right or from the list below. 
   
   

Bromoxynil

General Information

• Product Names:
  Buctril (Bayer)
  Bronate (Bayer)formulated with MCPA
  Huskie (Bayer) formulated with Methanone
  Wolverine (Bayer) formulated with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl
  Carnivore (Winfield) formulated with MCPA and Fluoxpyr meptyl
  Vendeta (Wilbur-Ellis) formulated with MCPA
  Starane (Dow) formulated with fluroxypr meptyl
  Maestro (Nufarm) formulated with MCPA
• Chemical Class: Benzonitrile herbicide
• Uses: Agriculture, Lawns/broadleaf plants
• Alternatives: Organic Agriculture, Organic lawn care
• Beyond Pesticides rating: Toxic

Health and Environmental Effects

• Cancer: Possible (8)
• Endocrine Disruption: Yes (36)
• Reproductive Effects: Not documented
• Neurotoxicity: Not documented
• Kidney/Liver Damage: Yes (8)
• Sensitizer/ Irritant: Yes (4)
• Birth/Developmental: Yes (21, 8)
• Detected in Groundwater: Yes (37)
• Potential Leacher: Not documented
• Toxic to Birds: Yes (8)
• Toxic to Fish/Aquatic Organisms: Yes (8)
• Toxic to Bees: Not documented

Additional Information

• Regulatory Status:
  • EPA Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) signed (9/1998)
• Supporting information:
  • Extoxnet Pesticide Factsheet (Extension Toxicology Network)
  • PAN Pesticides Database: (Pesticide Action Network)
• Studies:
• Autism: Transient in utero hypothyroxinemia related to maternal flavonoid ingestion during pregnancy and to other environmental antithyroid agents. Román, G, C. 2007. Journal of the Neurological Sciences; 262(1-2), pp 15-26
• Proximity to residential and workplace pesticides application and the risk of progression of Parkinson's diseases in Central California. Li, S. et al. (2022) Proximity to residential and workplace pesticides application and the risk of progression of parkinson’s diseases in Central California, Science of The Total Environment. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722079542.
• Toxicological assessment of bromoxynil and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide in combination on Cirrhinus mrigala using multiple biomarker approach. Afzal, F., Ghaffar, A., Jamil, H., Abbas, G., Tahir, R., & Ataya, F. S. (2024). Toxicological assessment of bromoxynil and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide in combination on Cirrhinus mrigala using multiple biomarker approach. The Science of the total environment, 926, 172019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172019