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Updates from the Daily News Blog

Elevated Levels of Pesticides, Known Nervous System Poisons, During Pregnancy Tied Directly to Diet
December 18, 2025

Organophosphate Pesticide Drift from Agricultural Fields Elevates Risk for Pregnant Farmworkers
October 28, 2025

Pesticide Biomarkers in Urine Find High Pesticide Exposure in Region of Ecuador Cultivating Cut Flowers for Export
August 15, 2025

Int'l Day of World's Indigenous Peoples Calls for Food Security, Biodiversity, and Climate Resilience
August 12, 2025

Study Maps the Gut Microbiome and Adverse Impacts of Pesticide Residues
June 11, 2025

Hypertension and High Blood Pressure Linked to Pesticide Metabolites in Elderly, According to Research
June 4, 2025

Study Highlights Correlation Between Pesticide Exposure and Prostate Cancer in Men in the U.S.
November 19, 2024

Toxic Pesticides Increase Rates of Chronic Kidney Disease in Agricultural Communities
August 22, 2024

Pesticide Use Again Linked to Inflammatory Bowel Disease, This Time Among Applicators and Their Spouses
May 15, 2024

Researchers Strengthen Link Between Diabetes and Pesticide Exposure
November 12, 2008

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Parathion/Ethyl parathion

General Information

• Fact Sheet: parathion.pdf
• Product Names:

  AC 3422 
  Alkron (Tronox)
  Alleron 
  Aphamite 
  Corothion 
  E-605 
  ENT 15108 
  Ethyl parathion 
  Etilon 
  Fosferno 50 
  Niran 
  Orthophos (Ortho Business Group)
  Panthion 
  Paramar 
  Paraphos 
  Parathene 
  Parawet 
  Phoskil 
  Rhodiatox 
  Soprathion 
  Stathion 
  Thiophos 
  Danthion 
  DNTP 
  DPP 
  Sulphos 
  Kolodust (FMC), formulated with Sulfur
  Prentox Ethyl Parathion (Prentiss), formulated with Xylene
  Red Panther Parathion (Universal Cooperatives) 

• Chemical Class: Organophosphate insecticide
• Uses: alfalfa, barley, canola, corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, sunflowers, and wheat.
• Alternatives: Organic agriculture
• Beyond Pesticides rating: Toxic

Health and Environmental Effects

• Cancer: Possible (1)
• Endocrine Disruption: Probable (2)
• Reproductive Effects: Yes (3)
• Neurotoxicity: Yes (4)
• Kidney/Liver Damage: Not documented
• Sensitizer/ Irritant: Not documented
• Birth/Developmental: Not documented
• Detected in Groundwater: Not documented
• Potential Leacher: Not documented
• Toxic to Birds: Yes (3)
• Toxic to Fish/Aquatic Organisms: Yes (3)
• Toxic to Bees: Yes (5)

Additional Information

• Regulatory Status:
  • All uses cancelled (effective 10/2003)
• Supporting information:
  • Extoxnet Parathion Factsheet (Extension Toxicology Network)
  • PAN Pesticides Database:Parathion (Pesticide Action Network)
  • ABC Parathion Factsheet (American Bird Conservancy)
• Studies [compiled from the Pesticide-Induced Diseases Database]
  • Children's Exposure to Chlorpyrifos and Parathion in an Agricultural Community in Central Washington State. Fenske, R.A., Lu, C, Barr, D, and Needham, L. 2002. Environ Health Perspect. 11(5):: 549–553
  • Diazinon and parathion diverge in their effects on development of noradrenergic systems. Slotkin TA, Skavicus S, Seidler FJ. 2017. Brain Res Bull. 130:268-273.
  • Does early-life exposure to organophosphate insecticides lead to prediabetes and obesity. Slotkin, T.A. 2011. Reproductive Toxicology. 31: 297–301.
  • Breast carcinogenesis induced by organophosphorous pesticides. Calaf, G.M., 2022. Advances in Pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.), 96, pp.71-117.
  • Pesticide use and inflammatory bowel disease in licensed pesticide applicators and spouses in the Agricultural Health Study. Chen, D. et al. (2024) Pesticide use and inflammatory bowel disease in licensed pesticide applicators and spouses in the Agricultural Health Study, Environmental Research. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935124003682?ref=pdf_download&fr=RR-2&rr=88272c5c9b94942f.
  • Chronic kidney disease from agricultural communities—association and accumulation of hexachlorobenzene, malathion, and parathion pesticides. Verma, J. et al. (2024) Chronic kidney disease from agricultural communities-association and accumulation of hexachlorobenzene, malathion, and parathion pesticides, Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13530-024-00222-y.
  • High Pesticide Exposure Events and Dream-Enacting Behaviors Among US Farmers. Yuan, Y., Shrestha, S., Luo, Z., Li, C., Plassman, B.L., Parks, C.G., Hofmann, J.N., Beane Freeman, L.E., Sandler, D.P. and Chen, H. (2022), High Pesticide Exposure Events and Dream-Enacting Behaviors Among US Farmers. Mov Disord, 37: 962-971. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28960
  • Association of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticide metabolites and phenoxyacid herbicides with blood pressure and hypertension among older adults. Huang, Qinxin & Song, Shaofang & Deng, Fenfang & He, Jia & Yuan, Jun & Tan, Lei. (2025). Association of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticide metabolites and phenoxyacid herbicides with blood pressure and hypertension among older adults. Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology. 7. 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.05.017.
  • An assessment of exposure to several classes of pesticides in pet dogs and cats from New York, United States. Li, Z. M., Robinson, M., & Kannan, K. (2022). An assessment of exposure to several classes of pesticides in pet dogs and cats from New York, United States. Environment international, 169, 107526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107526
  • Mapping pesticide-induced metabolic alterations in human gut bacteria. Chen, L. et al. (2025) Mapping pesticide-induced metabolic alterations in human gut bacteria, Nature Communications. Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-59747-6.
  • Pesticides in surface water of the Ondas river watershed, western Bahia, Brazil: Spatial-seasonal distribution and risk assessment. do Rego EL, de Souza JR, Nakamura TC, Portela JF, Diniz PHGD, da Silva JDS. Pesticides in surface water of the Ondas river watershed, western Bahia, Brazil: Spatial-seasonal distribution and risk assessment. Chemosphere. 2024 Apr;354:141659. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141659. Epub 2024 Mar 13. PMID: 38490616.
  • Current-use pesticide exposures in remote Inuit communities. Aker, A. M. et al. (2024) ‘Current-use pesticide exposures in remote Inuit communities’, International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 83(1). doi: 10.1080/22423982.2024.2421048.
  • Urinary pesticide biomarkers from adolescence to young adulthood in an agricultural setting in Ecuador: Study of secondary exposure to pesticides among children, adolescents, and adults (ESPINA) 2016 and 2022 examination data. Parajuli, R. et al. (2025) Urinary pesticide biomarkers from adolescence to young adulthood in an agricultural setting in Ecuador: Study of secondary exposure to pesticides among children, adolescents, and adults (ESPINA) 2016 and 2022 examination data, Data in Brief. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340925006067.