Gateway test

Diphenylamine (DPA)

General Information

• Product Names:

  ecoFOG-100 (Pace)
  Shield DPA (Pace)

• Chemical Class: Amine fungicide
• Uses: control of storage scald on apples
• Alternatives: Organic agriculture
• Beyond Pesticides rating:

Health and Environmental Effects

• Cancer: Not documented [An impurity of DPA, diphenylnitrosamine, is classified as a probable human carcinogen (1)]
• Endocrine Disruption: Not documented
• Reproductive Effects: Yes (1)
• Neurotoxicity: Not documented
• Kidney/Liver Damage: Yes (1)
• Sensitizer/ Irritant: Yes (1)
• Birth/Developmental: Not documented
• Detected in Groundwater: Not documented
• Potential Leacher: Yes (1)
• Toxic to Birds: Not documented
• Toxic to Fish/Aquatic Organisms: Yes (1)
• Toxic to Bees: Not documented

Additional Information

• Regulatory Status:
  • EPA Reregistration Eligibility Decision Signed 9/1997
  • Beyond Pesticides' Tolerance Comments (April 2026)
• Supporting information:
  • PAN Pesticides Database: DPA (Pesticide Action Network)
• Studies [compiled from the Pesticide-Induced Diseases Database]
  • Pesticides in the atmosphere and seawater in a transect study from the Western Pacific to the Southern Ocean: The importance of continental discharges and air-seawater exchange. Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z. F., Yang, P. F., Li, Y. F., Cai, M., & Kallenborn, R. (2022). Pesticides in the atmosphere and seawater in a transect study from the Western Pacific to the Southern Ocean: The importance of continental discharges and air-seawater exchange. Water research, 217, 118439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118439