Gateway test

Epoxiconazole

General Information

• Product Names:

  No Currently Registered Prodcuts

• Chemical Class: Triazole fungicide
• Uses: Not registered for use in the US. Important tolerances established for coffee and bananas.
• Alternatives: Organic Agriculture
• Beyond Pesticides rating: Toxic

Health and Environmental Effects

• Cancer: Likely (1)
• Endocrine Disruption: Yes (2)
• Reproductive Effects: Not documented
• Neurotoxicity: Not documented
• Kidney/Liver Damage: Not documented
• Sensitizer/ Irritant: Not documented
• Birth/Developmental: Yes (1)
• Detected in Groundwater: Not documented
• Potential Leacher: Not documented
• Toxic to Birds: Not documented
• Toxic to Fish/Aquatic Organisms: Yes (3)
• Toxic to Bees: Not documented

Additional Information

• Regulatory Status:
  • EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet 9/2006
• Supporting information:
  • PAN Pesticides Database: Epoxiconazole (Pesticide Action Network)
  • FAN Factsheet: Epoxiconazole (Fluoride Action Network)
• Studies [compiled from the Pesticide-Induced Diseases Database]
  • Adverse effects on sexual development in rat offspring after low dose exposure to a mixture of endocrine-disrupting pesticides.. Hass U, Boberg J, Christiansen S, Jacobsen PR, et al. 2012. Reprod Toxicol.34(2):261-74
  • Organic farming reduces pesticide load in a bird of prey. Fuentes, E. et al. (2024) Organic farming reduces pesticide load in a bird of prey, Science of The Total Environment. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969724029255.
  • Major Pesticides Are More Toxic to Human Cells Than Their Declared Active Principles. Mesnage, R. et al. (2014) Major pesticides are more toxic to human cells than their declared active principles, BioMed Research International. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3955666/.
  • The influence of polyethylene microplastics on pesticide residue and degradation in the aquatic environment. Wang, F., Gao, J., Zhai, W., Liu, D., Zhou, Z., & Wang, P. (2020). The influence of polyethylene microplastics on pesticide residue and degradation in the aquatic environment. Journal of hazardous materials, 394, 122517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122517
  • Triazole pesticides exposure impaired steroidogenesis associated to an increase in AHR and CAR expression in testis and altered sperm parameters in chicken. Serra, L., Bourdon, G., Estienne, A., Fréville, M., Ramé, C., Chevaleyre, C., Didier, P., Chahnamian, M., Ganier, P., Pinault, F., Froment, P., & Dupont, J. (2023). Triazole pesticides exposure impaired steroidogenesis associated to an increase in AHR and CAR expression in testis and altered sperm parameters in chicken. Toxicology reports, 10, 409–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.03.005
  • Transport and interaction mechanism of four pesticide residues from Chaenomeles speciosa across Caco-2 cells. Xiao, J., Li, M., Zhang, M., Dai, K., Ju, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Cao, H., & Shi, Y. (2024). Transport and interaction mechanism of four pesticide residues from Chaenomeles speciosa across Caco-2 cells. Food chemistry, 431, 137156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137156
  • Fate of pesticide residues in beer and its by-products. Hakme, E., Kallehauge Nielsen, I., Fermina Madsen, J., Storkehave, L. M., Skjold Elmelund Pedersen, M., Schulz, B. L., … Duedahl-Olesen, L. (2023). Fate of pesticide residues in beer and its by-products. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 41(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2023.2282557
  • Pesticide residues in European agricultural soils – A hidden reality unfolded. Silva, Vera et al. “Pesticide residues in European agricultural soils - A hidden reality unfolded.” The Science of the total environment vol. 653 (2019): 1532-1545. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.441